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3 Answers

WAAS and FDE confusion

Asked by: 3191 views , ,
Aircraft Systems, Airspace

After trying to read through AC 20-138D this is what I've gathered:

  • TSO-C129 and C196 are non-WAAS and require alternate navigation
  • TSO-C145 and C146 are WAAS equipped and do not require alternate navigation
  • FDE is required for remote/oceanic operations
  • TSO-C129 may or may not have FDE, but C196 is required to have FDE

My questions:

  • Is TSO-C145/146 required to have FDE like TSO-C196?
  • I understand where oceanic airspace is, but where is "remote" airspace? Is there any in the continental US?

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3 Answers



  1. John D Collins on Mar 31, 2021

    A TSO C145/146 system includes FDE.

    The only remote area in the US is in Northern Alaska.

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  2. cmpt7 on Mar 31, 2021

    @John D Collins

    Where is that depicted on the charts? Is it “Anchorage Arctic CTA/FIR PAZA” ?
    So basically oceanic/remote refers to areas outside the US where US ATC services are still provided?

    Thanks

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  3. John D Collins on Apr 01, 2021

    US ATC services are provided, but it in non radar and the IFR operations are handled procedurally. See AC 91-70B for some more details. Section 4.6.3 lists US ATS in Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace.

    4.6.3 U.S. ATS in Oceanic and Remote Continental Airspace. The United States provides ATS in oceanic and remote continental airspace as follows:
    • Atlantic Ocean: New York, Miami, and San Juan Flight Information Regions (FIR).
    • Gulf of Mexico: Miami and Houston FIRs.
    • Pacific Ocean: Oakland and Anchorage FIRs.
    • Arctic Ocean: Anchorage Arctic FIR.
    • Alaska Remote Continental Airspace: Anchorage Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC).

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